Subspecialty Procedure Common Indications Age Group Average Duration
Functional Neurosurgery Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, dystonia Adult 4–6 hrs
Functional Neurosurgery Trigeminal Neuralgia Surgery Trigeminal neuralgia Adult 2–3 hrs
Vascular Neurosurgery Aneurysm Clipping Cerebral aneurysm Adult 4–6 hrs
Vascular Neurosurgery Aneurysm Coiling (endovascular) Cerebral aneurysm Adult 2–4 hrs
Vascular Neurosurgery AVM Resection / Embolization Arteriovenous malformations Adult 3–6 hrs
Brain Tumor Surgery Craniotomy for tumor removal Benign and malignant brain tumors Adult/Pediatric 3–8 hrs
Spine Surgery Spinal Deformity Correction Scoliosis, kyphosis, spondylolisthesis Adult/Pediatric 4–8 hrs
Spine Surgery Spinal Fusion Instability, degenerative disc disease Adult 3–6 hrs
Spine Surgery Discectomy Herniated disc with nerve compression Adult 1–2 hrs
Spine Surgery Laminectomy / Laminoplasty Spinal stenosis, cord compression Adult 2–4 hrs
Epilepsy Surgery Temporal lobectomy, lesionectomy, corpus callosotomy Drug-resistant epilepsy Adult/Pediatric 3–6 hrs
Pediatric Neurosurgery Endoscopic third ventriculostomy, shunt placement Hydrocephalus Pediatric 1–3 hrs
Pediatric Neurosurgery Repair of spina bifida Myelomeningocele Pediatric 2–4 hrs
Pediatric Neurosurgery Pediatric brain tumor surgery Various pediatric tumors Pediatric 3–8 hrs
Pain Management Dorsal root entry zone lesioning, motor cortex stimulation Chronic intractable pain Adult 2–4 hrs
Peripheral Nerve Surgery Carpal tunnel release, ulnar nerve decompression Entrapment neuropathies Adult 1–2 hrs
Peripheral Nerve Surgery Nerve grafting / repair Peripheral nerve injuries Adult 2–4 hrs